Stock Options are contracts that allow the owners to buy or sell a stock at a specific price before it expires. There are two types of stock options; calls and puts.
For example, assuming XYZ company shares are trading at $40 right now. You bought a call stock options contract that allows you to buy XYZ shares at $40 anytime before it expires in 2 months. 1 month later, XYZ company shares are trading at $50 but you still own the right to buy it at $40 through the call stock options.
An example of a put options is, assuming you own XYZ company shares trading at $40 right now. You bought a put stock options contract that allows you to sell your XYZ shares at $40 anytime before it expires in 2 months. 1 month later, XYZ company shares are trading at $30 but you still own the right to sell it at $40 through the put stock options.
The beauty of trading stock options is the fact that you're able to control 100 positions for a small investment. For example, let's say we would like to purchase 100 shares from AMZN. AMZN is currently trading at $188.75 which means we would have to invest $18,875.00 to purchase those shares; now in order to make $100 that means that each share would have to increase by $1.00 in which stocks normally won't move that much within a day, however stocks like AMZN do have a high probability of making between $2-$4 moves per share within a day whether it be bullish or bearish.
Now let's talk about leverage with options. I started my account with $5,000 which would be an ideal start up, however I am currently trading for someone that could only begin with $1,000. So let's look at AMZN and use a $5,000 account in this example. Let's look at an option that is "in the money" which would be the April11 185 call at $14.01 per share. Stock options come in a contract size of 100 options per purchase which would mean that it will cost $1401.00 to control 100 options. Since we have $5,000 we can purchase 3 contracts which would mean 300 options for a total investment of $4,203.00. Since we now control 300 options, that means in order to make $100 the share would have to go up by .33 cents; considering a share like AMZN goes up by $2.50 in our favor when we make this purchase, you're looking at making approximately $750 return on your investment, not a bad pay day!
Now you see why it's beneficial to trade stock options, the leverage you have is priceless!